Heart disease is a broad term that refers to various conditions affecting the heart’s function. These conditions encompass a range of disorders that can impact the heart, from blood vessel issues to irregular heart rhythms. Below are some of the most common types of heart disease:
### 1. Coronary Heart Disease
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the most common form of heart disease. It occurs when the blood vessels that supply blood to the heart (coronary arteries) become narrowed or blocked due to plaque buildup. Plaque consists of cholesterol and other substances that adhere to the artery walls. This narrowing can lead to angina (chest pain) and, in severe cases, a heart attack.
### 2. Heart Failure
Heart failure is a condition in which the heart is unable to pump blood effectively. This can occur because the heart becomes weak or stiff, making it unable to work properly. Heart failure often results from other conditions like coronary heart disease, high blood pressure, or heart valve disease.
### 3. Arrhythmia
Arrhythmia is a disorder involving an irregular heartbeat. It can cause the heart to beat too fast, too slow, or irregularly. Arrhythmias can occur due to damage to the heart’s electrical system, often triggered by coronary heart disease or a heart attack.
### 4. Heart Valve Disease
Heart valve disease occurs when one or more of the heart’s four valves do not function properly. These valves ensure that blood flows in the correct direction through the heart. When the valves do not close or open properly, blood can leak in the wrong direction, disrupting blood flow and increasing the pressure on the heart.
